Preparing Files for Publication
Many items produced by the Print Center use a desktop publishing computer program. The computer files you produce with your word processing program are copied into the desktop publishing program. In the desktop publishing program, the graphic artist chooses the type sizes and styles, how things are arranged on the page, and adds art elements. Because the files you produce are placed directly into the layout, your word processing program and the way you use it can have an important effect on the finished product.
We are able to use one of these word processing programs directly:
- Wordperfect, (various versions)
- Microsoft Word (versions 95 through 2003)
- Adobe Pagemaker 6.5 and Indesign 2
If you do not have one of the word processing programs listed above, contact the Print Center for additional information.
Formatting Your Documents:
- Use "caps-and-lower-case" letters for headings. Do not type headings in all capital letters.
- Use the tab key and your word processor's tab stop settings, not spaces.
- Type numeral ones 1 and zeros 0 instead of lower-case l's and upper-case letter O's.
- Let your word-processor "wrap" to create lines of text. Use carriage returns between paragraphs.
- Type everything flush left, please.
- Set your word processor for single spacing.
- Provide a printout along with your disk, and mark special instructions in red .
- Do not type these instructions in the file.
- Bulleted Lists: (black dots are often used to highlight
items in a list.)
- Indicate this in your word processor document by typing flush left
two hyphens with no space next to the item. For Example:
-- Affordable
-- Convenient - The final printed piece will substitute bullets, dashes, boxes, etc. for these two hyphens.
- Indicate this in your word processor document by typing flush left
two hyphens with no space next to the item. For Example:
- Hyphenation:
- If a word won't fit on a line, don't hyphenate it. Just let it "wrap" to the next line. Use the hyphen only in words or grammatical constructions that require it. Examples: (blue-green water, Co-op Education).
- Spelling:
- Proof your copy before it is sent to the Print Center. Check it carefully again when you receive your "PROOF" copy.
Delivering disk file(s) to PCC Print Center (Sylvania only):
- When you've completed your manuscript, proof for grammar and spelling.
- Be safe! Don't send your original disk -send a copy. Don't use paper clips on your disks. If you need a disk carrier contact the department. If you're submitting several jobs at one time, put a file for each job on a separate disk.
- If your publication consists of several separate items, put each story on a separate page of your printout and save each story as a separate file. (An example would be individual stories in a newsletter.) Write on the request form the word processor program (Wordperfect, etc.) used to create the documents on the disk.
- It's best to make an appointment to visit with the artist to review your materials and resolve any questions at the start.
Common Printing Terms
Below is a list of many common printing terms. We have ordered them alphabetically so that specific terms are easy to locate. Please click on any of the terms that you do not know and a short definition will appear:
- Artwork
- A general term used to describe photographs, drawings, paintings, hand lettering, and the like prepared to illustrate printed matter.
- Author's Alterations (A.A.'s)
- Author or client corrections and/or changes made in type at the proof stages; these are not due to the printer's error and are therefore chargeable to the customer. All corrections should be marked in red ink or pen according to the printer's code of standardized proofreader's marks; never in soft lead. A.A.'s are expensive and should be kept to a minimum. See also House Errors (H.E.'s).
- Binding
- Various methods of securing sections together and or fastening them to a cover, to form single copies of a book.
- Bleed
- An illustration or type is said to bleed when it prints off the edge of a trimmed page. Bleed illustrations are usually imposed so as to print beyond the trimmed page size. An illustration may bleed at the head, front, foot, and/or gutter (back of a page).
- Blind Embossing
- Embossed forms that are not inked or foiled.
- Blind Folio
- Page number not printed on page.
- Burnishing
- Creating a polished finish on paper by rubbing with stone or hard smooth surface.
- Camera-ready Art
- Material given to the printer that needs no further work before being passed to the camera department. Camera copy should be clean, free of glue or trash, flat, and printed in dark ink.
- Coated (Paper)
- Paper coated with clay, white pigments and a binder.
- Collate (see gather)
- Column Gutter
- Space between two or more columns of type on one page.
- Composition
- The assembling of characters into words, lines, and paragraphs of text or body matter type for reproduction.
- Continuous Tone
- Image made of non-discernible picture elements which give the appearance of continuous spectrum of gray values or tones.
- Creep
- Result of added thickness of folded sheets being behind one another in a folded signature. Outer edges of sheets creep away from back most fold as more folded sheets are inserted inside the middle.
- Crop Marks
- Marks along the margins of an illustration (or photo), used to indicate the portion of the illustration to be reproduced.
- Cross-over
- Elements that cross page boundaries and land on two consecutive pages (usually rules).
- Cutter
- Machine for accurately cutting stacks of paper to desired dimensions.
- Cutting Die
- Sharp edged devise usually made of steel rule, to cut paper, cardboard, etc., on a printing press.
- Die
- Design cut into metal (mostly brass) for stamping book covers or embossing.
- Duotone
- Color reproduction from monochrome original. Keyplate usually printed in dark color for detail, second plate printed in light flat tints.
- Electronic Composition
- The assembly of characters into words, lines and paragraphs of text or body matter with graphic elements in page layout form in digital format for reproduction by printing.
- Embossing
- A process performed after printing to stamp a raised or depressed image (artwork or typography) into the surface of paper, using engraved metal embossing dies, extreme pressure, and heat. Embossing styles include blind, deboss, and foil-embossed.
- Estimate
- A price provided to a customer, based on the specifications outlined on the estimate form; it is normally set prior to the entry of an order and prices may change if the order specifications are not the same as the estimate specifications.
- Flush
- Even with; usually refers to typeset copy.
- Fold Marks
- Markings at top edges that show where folds should occur.
- Folder
- Machine used to fold signatures down into sections.
- Folio (page number)
- Number of page at top or bottom either centered, flushed left or flushed right often with running headline.
- Font
- In composition, a complete assortment of type in one size and face.
- Four-Color Process
- The four basic colors of ink (yellow, magenta, cyan and black) which reproduce full-color photographs of art.
- Gather
- To assemble or collect sections into single copies of complete books for binding.
- Graduated Screen
- An area of an image where dots range continuously from one density to another.
- Grain
- The direction paper fibers run or are arranged.
- Gutter
- Space between pages in the printing frame of a book, or inside margin towards the back or binding edge.
- Halftone
- Picture with graduations of tone formed by dots of varying sizes.
- House Errors (H.E.'s)
- Corrections and/or changes made due to errors made by the printer, particularly in pre-press, as opposed to changes made by the author, clients or editor. Also refers to mistakes made in film negatives, platemaking, or printing that are not due to the client's error, addition or deletion. The cost of H.E.'s are absorbed by the printer or typesetter. See also Author's Alterations (A.A.'s).
- Imposition
- Arrangement of pages so that they print correctly on a press sheet, and the pages are in proper order when the sheets are folded.
- Inserts
- Extra printed pages inserted loosely into printed pieces.
- Interleaves
- Extra blank pages inserted loosely into a printed piece after printing.
- Justified
- Describes text copy that is typeset flush to both the left and the right margins.
- Leaf
- One of a number of folds (each containing two pages) which compose a book or manuscript.
- Line Copy
- Any copy that is solid black with no gradations in tone and is suitable for reproduction without using a halftone screen.
- Make Ready
- Process of adjusting final plate on the press to fine tune or modify plate surface.
- Mark-up
- To write instructions as on a dummy or proof.
- Mechanical (Paste-up)
- Camera ready assembly of all type and design elements with instructions, ready for the platemaker.
- Moiré
- A pattern in a negative resulting from a prescreened picture or photo.
- Offset
- A method in which the plate or cylinder transfers an ink image to an offset or transfer roller, which then transfers the image to stock.
- Over Run
- Surplus of copies printed.
- Perfect Binding
- A bookbinding technique in which the pages are glued rather than sewn to the cover used in the production of paperbacks, small manuals, telephone books, etc.
- Perforating
- Punching small holes or slits in a sheet of paper or cardboard to facilitate tearing along a desired line.
- Plate
- Reproduction of type or cuts in metal, plastic, rubber, or other material, to form a plate bearing a relief, planographic or intaglio printing surface.
- Points and Picas
- In measuring a paper's caliper, one point equals a thousandth of an inch. In typography, a point is the smallest unit of measurement used principally for designating type size, one point approximating 1/72 of an inch and 12 points equaling one pica.
- Proof (Blue-line)
- Photographic proof made on light sensitive paper for checking accuracy, layout and imposition before plates are made.
- Proof (Galley)
- Typeset material before it has been arranged into final page.
- Proof (Press)
- Actual press sheets to show image, tone values and colors as well as imposition of frame or press-plate.
- Ragged Right
- Typesetting style that is characterized by lines that end in unequal length, usually lined up flush on one side or the other--example, flush left/ragged right.
- Ream
- Five hundred sheets of paper.
- Register Marks
- Crosses or other marks applied to original copy prior to photography used for achieving perfect alignment (register) between negatives and color separations..
- Reverse
- Type appearing in white on a black or color background or in a dark area of a photograph.
- Saddle Stitch
- Binding process for pamphlets or booklets which works by stapling through the middle fold of the sheets.
- Score
- To press a mark in a sheet of paper, usually cover stock, to make folding easier--often necessary when a fold must be made against the paper's grain.
- Screen
- A sheet of film having lines or other pattern.
- Side Stitching
- Stitching where the wire staples pass through the pile of sections or leaves gathered upon each other and are clinched on the underside.
- Solid
- An area completely covered with ink, or the use of 100% of a given color. In composition, type set without space (leading) between the lines.
- Spot Color
- Small area printed in a second color.
- Stripping
- The positioning of negatives before printing plates are made.
- Varnish
- A clear shiny ink used to add gloss to printed pieces.
- Vignette
- Fade to white or small decorative design or illustration